Cavalry soldiers the park’s mission to, in part, protect wildlife, poaching of bison continued until Congress passed the Lacey Act in 1894. In the 1870s and 1880s, hundreds of bison occupied Yellowstone National Park. These bison served as the foundation stock for most modern public and private bison herds today. The earliest efforts to rescue bison began in the late 1860s when a handful of private citizens independently began to capture and shelter bison, saving the species from extinction. As a general rule, buffalo is often used in a cultural context while bison is used in a scientific context.Īs bison were notably vanishing by the 1860s, public outcry prompted some states to pass laws to protect bison, but enforcement was lacking and the massacre continued. Today, bison are central to many American Indian traditions, spiritual rituals and healthy diets, and more than 60 tribes are bringing their sacred Brother Buffalo back to their families, lands and ways of life.įor many Indigineous people, buffalo, a name used for hundreds of years, remains the name of choice for these animals. The decimation of millions of bison in the 1800s was pivotal in the tragic devastation of Indian people and society. For thousands of years, Native Americans relied heavily on bison for their survival and well-being, using every part of the bison for food, clothing, shelter, tools, jewelry and in ceremonies. The American bison or buffalo (iinniiwa in Blackfoot, tatanka in Lakota, ivanbito in Navajo, Kuts in Paiute) is the most significant animal to many American Indian nations. The "Buffalo Treaty" represented many entities, including 12 Native American tribes, coming together for the good of bison.
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